نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
The confluence of global crises, including rising energy and food prices, the COVID-19 pandemic, and climate change, has disrupted markets worldwide, disproportionately impacting vulnerable populations, particularly low-income households. This study examines the policy responses adopted by various countries to mitigate these socioeconomic challenges, focusing on the experiences of Iran. Utilizing data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for 2022, the analysis categorizes policy measures into four distinct groups: expenditure-based, income-based, non-financial (other classification), and bottom-line approaches. Comparative analyses reveal significant variations in policy responses. Countries without substantial natural resources have implemented a wider range of policy measures compared to resource-rich nations. Furthermore, expenditure-based and income-based measures were the most frequently employed across countries lacking abundant natural resources. A comparative analysis of Iran's policy responses with those of other Middle Eastern countries indicates that only Iraq has implemented all four categories of policy measures.
کلیدواژهها English
